The self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) method is being developed for the low-cost production of advanced and functional materials. The method exploits self-sustaining solid-flame combustion reactions developing very high internal material temperatures over very short periods. Thus, it offers several advantages over traditional methods, including lower energy costs, lower environmental impact, ease of manufacture, capability for producing materials with unique properties and characteristics. The following topics were considered in this review: (1) General aspect of SHS reaction method: from a discovery to producing materials; (2) SHS reaction behaviors (the theory and mechanisms of combustion process); (3) Classifications of SHS reaction; (4) Synthesis process and step by using SHS reaction.